Fashion Nova Marketing Strategy - 1958 Words

I. Introduction to Company and Competitors When a brand is created, many will ask the questions that haunt all of us trying to start a company. Will it work? Should we stay online or launch a brick-and-mortar store? Will I make profit or fail? These questions arise even more when the company is to start only online. Because of this, e-commerce fashion brands must constantly evolve and expand their styles to maintain the interest of their target customers. Fashion Nova is one fashion brand that manages to stay relevant among its consumers because of their edgy style and quality priced clothing. Fashion Nova was first established in 2010. It gained its popularity from celebrities promoting it on their social media platforms and the fact†¦show more content†¦II. Target Market Fashion Nova targets women from teens to women in their 30’s. The reason why I don’t put a specific age range is because it varies. I could say 16-30 but there are women in their 40’s that are wearing it as well. In their website, they have described their target market as the following â€Å"The girls who rock our styles are adventurous, inspirational and badass. A Nova Star is always the best dressed girl in the room. Her confidence is what truly shines, but her Fashion Nova outfit adds that extra sparkle. We strive to provide awesome service, unbeatable prices and the hottest trends† (Fashionnova.com). Income wise their target market females that vary in income and occupation, from dependent and independent college students earning from $0 - less than $20,000, to working professionals earning an income of $45,000 - $85,000. These customers are from upper-lower to middle class backgrounds and currently live in suburbs that are near major cities or urban areas near them. Their company is based on the trickle-down theory. Celebrities started wearing affordable clothes and people started to follow and believe that it was good quality which is what made th e company succeed. Their target market can live anywhere from rural to suburban to major cities as I stated previously. It all varies on what they buy. They have a large stockShow MoreRelatedEssay on Marketing Northern Verginia Community College to the World1326 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Northern Virginia Community College (NOVA), which is the second largest multi-campus college in the United States, provides educational services to a wide range of students from diverse backgrounds, with an international student population of 20% based on the 2011-2012 academic year. This was based on more than 76,000 students holding places in credit courses and an additional 23,000 holding places in non-credit courses, and the overall number of people involved with the college isRead MoreBusiness Strategy7730 Words   |  31 PagesNova Moda is a medium sized business, it has just opened a new outlet in Tower road Sliema, though in its first week of opening, its store traffic and sales were low. It has been identified, that Mr. Smith (Owner, and managing director) had no business plan, neither a clear vision upon were he would like to position his business on the market. His only motivation was that a friend of his, opened a similar venture in Valletta, and was doing quite well. Through out this report, Mr. SmithRead MoreManufacturing Cost Essay825 Words   |  4 Pages Give two examples of brands where manufacturing costs are well below the price. †¢ How have the companies been successful in charging high prices despite the low costs? †¢ How was customer information used as a part of pricing strategy? In my opinion, branding often times represents an experience. This experience typically satisfies 4 areas: Customer Experience, Loyalty, Personal Image and Social Acceptance. Customer Experience: Consumers generally buy a product for the first time in hopesRead MoreInternational Logistics of Nova7800 Words   |  32 Pagessupply lead times and short product lifecycles characterize fashion goods. Even in staple consumer goods, today s environment is characterized by explosion of variety. How the company manages its supply chain in such settings influence business results and customer satisfaction. The assignment aims to answer to the questions of the International Logistics case study: †¢ Logistics proposal is developed for the company called Nova. The company imports jeans from China, Asia. Following elementsRead MoreAndrogogy Reflection: Understanding Adult Learning Essays1362 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelop approaches for creating a better learning environment for students. Traditional Learning Context A traditional course, in a face-to-face setting that was based on business marketing, was poorly developed. The course had a professor who told the class that he has previous experience working in the field of marketing, which is always a positive. However, from the start of the course, all of the students were to use their textbooks to find terms that the teacher went over during class. DuringRead MoreLady Gaga case study11446 Words   |  46 Pages MA 02163, or go to www.hbsp.harvard.edu/educators. This publication may not be digitized, photocopied, or otherwise reproduced, posted, or transmitted, without the permission of Harvard Business School. Downloaded by Andon Donev on 4/09/2014. Nova Southeastern University, Bay O Leary, Spring 2014 512-016 Lady Gaga (A) The Music Business In 2009, the music industry primarily relied on income from two activities: first, selling recorded music in the form of individual songs or albumsRead Morecountry report on burberry Essay4154 Words   |  17 Pagesin 2012 was named the 4th fastest growing brand by both Interbred and WPP, after Apple, Google and Amazon. It was in Interbrand’s ‘Top 100 Global Brands’ for the 3rd consecutive year, got the ‘Inspiring Luxury Loyalty’ award,. Brand momentum, marketing innovation and product excellence are the three strands it focused on . Brand momentum Initiatives included in this momentum include: Digital synchronization Burberry.com or Burberry World enabled more consistent brand potioning across all customers Read MoreHow to Build Brand Equity4201 Words   |  17 Pagesequity III. Creating brand equity †¢ Brand position †¢ How to create brand equity? - Selecting brand elements - Integrating with marketing activities - Creating secondary brand associations IV. Summary and Conclusion V. References Introduction In modern society, brands play an increasing vital role in marketing. With the fury market competition and the increasing homogeneity of products , brands act as a powerful strategic weapon to win in the market competitionRead MoreAnalyze the Evolution of Supply Chain Management in Apple Corporation2084 Words   |  9 Pagesto wait. In fact, the projected backlog leads customers to line up for hours before stores open to buy a new product. This helps to create marketing buzz and lends tot eh reason why Apple is one of the most sought after brands in the entire world today. Because as everyone knows, any type of public presence or marketing can be manipulated into good marketing for a product and if nothing else, Apple has had a fantastic team of marketers up until now. Because Apple has become so large, it has procurementRead MoreLululemon Case Study2260 Words   |  10 PagesNova Southeastern University Wayne Huizenga Graduate School of Business amp; Entrepreneurship Assignment for Course: MGT 5090 – Entrepreneurial and Strategic Thinking Submitted to: Dr. Regina A. Greenwood Submitted by: Anais Carrasco Date of Submission: May 30th, 2013 Title of Assignment: CASE 4 – Lululemon Athletica Inc. CERTIFICATION OF AUTHORSHIP: I certify that I am the author of this paper and that any assistance I received in its preparation

International Investment Essay examples - 1231 Words

In 2002, imports to the United States from developing nations totaled a whopping $317 billion. (The United States is the single largest market for developing nations goods.) Exports from the U.S. to those nations totaled $130 billion. Both imports and exports are important, but look at the difference, that is, the trade deficit that resulted for the United States: $187 billion. Thats 44 percent of the entire trade deficit that the United States ran last year with all nations. In other words, with developing countries, the United States buys a good deal more than it sells. Consider a few examples. Last year, the Philippines sold exports worth $11 billion to the United States and bought American imports worth $7 billion, for a deficit (to†¦show more content†¦An academic paper published earlier this year by Geert Bekaert of Columbia University and two colleagues found that equity market liberalizations, on average, lead to a one percent increase in annual real economic growth over a five-year period. That figure, say the authors, is surprisingly large (after all, GDP growth averages only about 3 percent a year). Liberalization means that foreign investors can invest in the securities of other countries -- their stocks and bonds. The researchers also discovered that the countries that gained the most from liberalization were those -- such as developing nations -- that were furthest behind but moving forward in implementing macroeconomic reforms. For example, in the five years after liberalization, GDP growth in India averaged 5.7 percent annually, compared with 3.2 percent in the five years before liberalization. Thailands average five-year growth was 8.7 percent after liberalization of its securities markets and 3.5 percent before. Of course, not all developing nations enjoyed such increases, but the average country did, and the results are powerful. Again, investment is a two-way street. Because the United States is a relatively stable and safe place to invest, it provides an enormous haven for capital investments (in stocks, bonds, real estate, and whole businesses) from abroad. Those capital inflows provide the necessaryShow MoreRelatedInternational Investment Law : An Alternative For Investment Protection And Promotion Of Investment3542 Words   |  15 PagesBITs International investment law was developed as a response to the inadequacies of the customary international law in protecting foreign property by providing responsibility to host state.[footnoteRef:2] Most of capital exporting countries was developed states which required better market access commitments from capital exporting countries, and also better standards of investment protection.[footnoteRef:3] The failure to conclude multilateral investment agreement forced developed states to findRead MoreInternational Financial Real Estate Investments1941 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction International institutional real estate investments are driven by the potential to increase the risk/return ratio of a portfolio through investing in countries with different political and economic environments. This allows investors to add assets to their portfolio with low or negative correlation with other assets classes and provides increased gains associated with Modern Portfolio Theory (MPT). Although the majority of recent literature has focused on the benefits of portfolioRead MoreBackground Of International Investment Protection3192 Words   |  13 PagesI. Background to International Investment Protection During industrialisation, Western European Countries and United States, which has huge capital surplus, started investing massively in less developed countries in the form of Foreign Direct Investment. There was obviously an imbalance of power between the investing countries and the host countries at that time. The investing countries expected that their investment and property be protected and in case they suffered any injury or incurred anyRead MoreCase Study : International Real Estate Investments1140 Words   |  5 PagesOf The Problem Equity International (EI) through its chief strategic officer Thomas McDonald is looking for new investment opportunities in Colombia, which has shown a tremendous economic improvement in the last 10 years. In general terms, EI has the expertise and know-how on international Real Estate investments but is not totally sure that right now is the best time to put capital on risk in that country, based on its previous negative experience on Venezuelan investment. Mr. Mcdonald s has toRead MoreGlobal Foreign Direct Investment And International Production3809 Words   |  16 Pagesa. Set out a clear summary of key changes relating to global foreign direct investment and international production in 2014 over the previous year. You should include an accurate description of salient trends in the data e.g Greenfield investment and cross – border MA. (Word-guidance 750) By Geography ‘Global FDI flows rose by 9 percent in 2013 to $1.45 trillion from $1.33 trillion in 2012’ (UNCTAD, 2014) Between 2012 and 2013, FDI inflows increased in all major economies - developed, developingRead MoreInternational Trade And Foreign Investment1979 Words   |  8 PagesBetween International Trade and Foreign Investment Trade and investment are highly connected that could be illustrated as two sides of the same coin. Companies conduct cross-border trade to supply their foreign investment, and they invest abroad to bolster their trade. Moreover, in the liberalisation era, while investors produce and consume both goods and services, an open trading system will provide a bright investment climate. Equally important, international trade and foreign investment haveRead MoreGlobalization And International Trade And Investments Aided By Information Technology1009 Words   |  5 Pagesbeing promoted and exchanged between nations, which creates relationships. Globalization is a process of intercommunication and integration within people, companies, and different nation’s governments. Globalization is processed by international trade and investments aided by information technology. This process has many effects on a nation. It affects the environment, culture, political systems, economics, and d evelopment. In addition to human’s physical wellbeing in societies around the world.Read MoreInternational Investment in the United States Insurance Industry3514 Words   |  15 Pagesintegration of the global economy has strengthened the international integration of goods, technology, labour and capital. This process of cross-border restrictions eliminations on international capital flows has increased the growth of foreign direct investment (FDI) activity. Many countries make every effort to attract FDI because it will bring a substantial growth to their economy, in addition to its function as the principal vehicle of international capital movement. There is a widely shared viewRead MoreInternational Economic Exchange And Foreign Investment1656 Words   |  7 Pagesof wealth and consolidation of power depends on the type of international economic exchange the country is involved in as well as the nature of the state. In this essay, I consider trade, currency exchange and foreign investment as the primary economic exchanges that countries are involved in, as well as the different natures of states such as developing economies and industrialized nations. I argue that countries involved in international economic exchange will have to compromise between the accumulationRead MoreAn Analysis Of An International Portfolio Investment For Board Of Directors1730 Words   |  7 Pages 3003IBA, Project – 2014: An analysis of an international portfolio investment for board of directors. Jesus David Castano Cuadro Student ID: S2916020 Word Count: 1526 Griffith Business School Nathan Campus. October 2014 Table of contents 1. Predicting the expected spot exchange rate 1 1.1 Australian Dollar 1 1.2 Chinese Renminbi 2 2. Australia VS. China 4 2.1 Financial sector 4 2.2 Consistent economic growth 5 2.3 A politically stable

Cheerios Swot Analysis free essay sample

The cheerios brand from the organization Nestle has been around for years and is a well known cereal / brand still with a significant share in the breakfast cereal market of 3%. The brand cheerios has been around since 1945 and comes from the strong brand Nestle which is a Swiss multinational nutritional company formed in 1905. A Mintel report by Clifford (2012) clearly shows that cheerios has a 3% market share of breakfast cereals. Whilst this does not seem particularly high, the branded cereal which holds the largest share is only at 8%. From the report a fair observation can be made that cold cereals, which includes Cheerios, form 87% of the total market and so therefore a strong proportion of the market. Clifford, E. (2012). Mintel Report. Breakfast Cereals UK August 2012. Breakfast Cereals. 1 (1), p3. The ‘Health’ benefits from eating Cheerios cereal is well marketed and branded. With more and more people looking towards healthy eating and watching the contents of their food intake, companies are now branding products to show the health benefits. Equally, existing companies and brands are having to create new strategies and change their products to contain healthy benefits to promote, attract or keep their customer basis. The Mintel report by Clifford (2012) states that ‘25-34s appear to be attracted to healthy cereals, being the most inclined to use high-fibre cereals, muesli, diet cereals, granola and added health cereals. ’ According to a report by Strutton (2012) this has a direct affect on the brands marketing as Cheerios has now targeted children through their parents, which states that Cheerios is ‘playing the kiddie card’ in terms of marketing. This is a strong move in the current market and moving with the trends. This is also helped with such Government campaigns such as Change4 Life which is there to actively encourage consumers to have a healthy start to their day by eating breakfast. As a food brand which uses raw natural ingredients the price of which are subject to huge price changes due to the economic market and recession. A Mintel report by Srutton (2012) uses data from the Office of National Statistics which states the following, ‘food prices will continue to experience inflationary pressures in 2011 with the hardest-hit commodities likely to be wheat and sugar, two key ingredients in a number of breakfast foods. ’ This in tern means that companies such as Cheerios are unable to lower their prices to attract more customers who by being hit by the recession are more conscious of prices. This evidence is then supported by a Mintel report by Ihekweazu (2011) who stated that the price of basic breakfast foods such as cereal was increased in 2008 as a combination of poor harvest in wheat as well as extreme climates. Therefore this shows the nock on effect of the raw material used to produce the product. This is a marketing opportunity for the company Nestle to promote Cheerios as a product eaten at home and not on the go, therefore saving money. More and more customers now have the established habit of eating breakfast at home every day. It has become part of our daily routine, this is something which has now become more pronounced with the recession as eating at home is a cost-effective option rather than eating on the go. A future marketing plan should focus on the product being sold as a family cereal in the morning as there is a growing segment that would relate to this. A report conducted by Ihekweazu (2011) looks into the eating habits of people within the UK. Stating that the sales of breakfast cereals has therefore been mainly driven by consumers demand for a cost effective and convenient breakfast options driven by a desire for a healthy start to the day. It was also found that ‘two thirds of consumers eat breakfast at home every day, rising to 78% of over-55s and 85% of those that are retired. ’ REFERENCE: Ihekweazu, V. (2011). Mintel Report. Breakfast Easting Habits UK. Vl1. More women being employed who are more conscious of eating breakfast in the morning, passing this down to the children. In a Mintel report by Ihekweazu (2011) it is found that the number of women in employment has increased and is set to increase by 1. 5% within the next five years, this is quite an important social change within the external environment. This is due to the fact that women are more inclined to east breakfast at home, this therefore has a huge impact on the children within the family as it means theoretically it will be easier for parents to ensure their child is having breakfast. It also means that they have more control over what they are eating. This should theoretically make it easier for parents to ensure that their children have breakfast at home before they head out to school, however, it appears not to be the case as a study carried out by the University of Exeter in 2009 found that a quarter of 14-15s do not eat breakfast, with the problem more pronounced in teenage girls. Breakfast still appears to be one of the few meals that families can share together at the start of the day; however, women are less likely to agree that it is the most important family meal of the day (see The Consumer – Attitudes towards Eating Breakfast). Working mothers have increased calls on their time, especially in the morning when they are likely to be facing time pressures. This underlines the importance of quick and convenient breakfast options that parents can prepare for children, or older children can prepare for themselves.

Repressive Policies of India Essay Example

Repressive Policies of India Essay The British had conquered India to promote their own political interest so followed many repressive policies. These policies become major barrier to India’s development. Some of these policies, especially those followed by Lord Lytton gave birth to nationalism. Lord Lytton was Viceroy from 1876-1880. The resentment against the British rule increased because of repressive measures. 1. In 1877 he organised a Grand Delhi Durbar to proclaim Queen Victoria as the Empress of India. Indians were angry because Lakhs were spent for this when South India was suffering from famine.The British Government did not take proper steps to prevent deaths by disease and starvation. The worst feature of these famines was that they were human-made. In fact, famines meant big gains to the Government and the greedy business community. Foodgrains were hoarded and sold at prices which the poor could not afford. During natural calamities, the British rulers in India remained aloof, disinterested and unc oncerned. 2. In 1878 Lytton passed the Vernacular Press Act and the Indian Arms Act. The Vernacular Press Act –forbade vernacular newspapers from publishing any article that might incite the people against the British Government.This hurt the Indians as the press was considered their mouth-piece, through which they could air their grievances . This act was also known as the ‘gagging act’. This act did not apply to English newspapers . Lord Ripon repealed it in 1881. The Indian Arms Act /Licence Act 1878 made it a criminal offence for Indians to carry arms without a licence. This act was not applicable to British. 3. The maximum age limit for the I. C. S Exam was reduced from 21 to 19 years, thus making it impossible for Indians to pass the exam. 4. Lord Lytton abolished the import duties on Br.Textiles. This crippled the Indian textile industry. This policy aroused anger and lead to bitterness. People continued to criticize the British administration. 5. In 1880, Lord Ripon replaced Lord Lytton. He was sympathetic to the Indians. He stopped the Afghan War, and abolished the Arms Act and the Vernacular Press Act. To bring about judicial equality Sir C. P llbert, the law member of the viceroy’s council introduced the llbert Bill in 1883, Indians welcomed the bill but the British started a Defence Association to defend their privileges.The government ultimately withdrew the bill and enacted a more moderate measure which vested the power of trying Europeans to a Session Judge and a District Magistrate who might be an Indian. Lord Ripon became very unpopular among the British Officials in India and had to be replaced. This made the Indians realise that under the present set up, even when the Viceroy wanted to help the Indians, he could not. Thus, the only way to get justice would be to change the very set up of British authority in India. Secondly it also taught them a lesson that the British government could be pressurized by agitation a nd united efforts.People lost faith in the British sense of justice and fairplay. It also led to anger and bitterness. The impact of Western Education made the educated Indians realize to reform their religion and society . The result was birth of socio-religious reform movements. Prominent among these were 1) Brahmo Samaj founded by Raja Ram Mohan Roy 2) Satya Shodak Samaj founded by Jyotiba Phule 3) Arya Samaj founded by Swami Dayanand Saraswati 4) Ramakrishna Mission founded by Swami Vivekananda Raja Rammohan Roy was one of the greatest social and religious reformers of the 19th century.He wanted to do away with the religious evils which were prevalent in Bengal at that time. In 1828, he founded the Brahmo Sabha, which was later renamed,Brahmo Samaj. The Brahmo Samaj believed in Monotheism or Worship of one God. It condemned idol worship and laid emphasis on prayer, meditation, charity, mortality and strengthening the bonds of unity between men of all religions and creeds. He was against the rigidity of the caste system. He started a campaign for the abolition of sati and purdah system,condemned polygamy, discouraged child marriages and advocated widow marriage.It was because of the efforts made by Rammohan Roy that, William Bentinck, the Govenor-General of India, passed a law in 1821 making the practice of Sati illegal and punishable by law. He also protested against restrictions on the freedom of press. In the words of Rabindranath Tagore, ‘Raja Rammohan Roy inaugurated the modern age in India. He was the father of Indian Renaissance and the prophet of Indian Nationalism. Jyotiba Phule was an urban –educated member of low caste. His education and personal experiences has made him critical of Hindu religion and customs.In 1854, he established a school for untouchables and started a private orphanage for the widows. He wanted to liberate the depressed classes and make them aware of their rights by educating them. He founded the Satya Shodhak Sa maj in 1873 with the aim of securing social justice for the weaker sections of society. He pioneered the widow remarriage movement in Maharashtra and worked for the education of women. The socio-religious reform movements contributed to the onset of Indian Nationalism in the following ways: 1.Social and Religious movements worked for the abolition of caste system, child marriage, dowry system, purdah syste, sati, infanticide, polygamy. These movements fought for individual liberty and social equality. They promoted national feelings and prepared the ground for the National Movement in various ways. 2. Raja Rammohan preached equality and brotherhood. 3. Swami Vivekananda proclaimed the superiority of Indian Culture. 4. Swami Dayananda Saraswati raised the slogan ‘India for Indians’ and ‘Back to Vedas’ and made the Indians feel proud of their culture. 5. They condemned the caste system and untouchability.Thus the reformers promoted National Unity and National Pride. 6. They removed superstitions and blind faith which led to broadening of the outlook and infused patriotism. It created self respect and self confidence. 7. They taught the people not to ignore the importance of women, who could participate in The national movement. Rediscovering India’s Past Indians were treated by the British as uncivilized. People were considered not reformers were to rule themselves. This made the Indians lose confidence. Reformers like Raja Rammohan Roy tried to arose self-confidence and self-respect of the people.They pointed out the richness of Indian culture and the political achievements of Asoka, Chandragupta, Vikramaditya and Akbar were pointed out. These reformers were helped by European scholars like John Marshall, Alexander Cunningham, William Jones, Charles Wilkins and Max Muller. These scholars contributed to the rediscovery of India’s past in the following ways: 1. They studied Sanskrit, translated and published famous works of Sanskrit in foreign languages and focussed the attention of the Indians towards the rich heritage of their Sanskrit literature. 2.Sir William Jones founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal to encourage Oriental studies. This society translated many Indian classics into English and introduced the ancient Indian culture to the Western world. He studied Sanskrit, and published Institutes of India Law and Muhammedan Law of inheritance. He also translated the Mnusmriti and Kalidas’s Abhijnanashakuntalam. 3. Sir Charles Wilkins was the first European to translate the Bhagvad Gita into English. 4. Ma x Mueller translated Rigveda in English. He edited and published the sacred books of the East. (51 volumes) 5.James prince was the firse European scholar to decipher the edicts of Indian emperor, Ashoka. 6. James Princep and Alexander Cunningham rediscovered the greatness of the Mauryas, the imperial Guptas, the Chalukyas and the Pallavas. 7. Sir Alexander Cunningham, the first Director o f the Indian Archaelogical Survey, carried out many archaeological explorations among the ruins of northern India. He excavated at Sarnath, one of the most sacred Buddhist shrines and carefully prepared drawing of the sculptures. He excavated Sanchi, the site of some of the oldest surviving buildings in India. 8.Sir John Marshall, the Director General of Archaelogy in India tried to preserve ancient buildings and monuments all over India. Excavations at Harappa and Mohenjo-daro revealed an ancient civilization that flourished from about 2300 to 1700 BC covering Pakistan, India and Afghanistan. Thus, the rediscovery of India’s past helped – a) to restore people’s confidence and self- respect; and b) to counter the western propaganda that Indians had never been able to rule themselves and that they were destined to be ruled by foreigners. C) They helped to revive the rich cultural heritage of India.Western Education and the English Language The British wanted to t rain clerks and peons to work for them and wanted to win the goodwill of the educated Indians;therefore, they introduced western education through the medium of English. But it produced results quite contrary to their expectations. The introduction of western education promoted Nationalism in the following ways: 1. Indians learnt about the western world. They exposed people of modern ideas like equality, liberty and fraternity. 2. The slogan, ‘Equality, Liberty and Fraternity’, of the American and French Revolutions, impressed them. . They developed a rational, secular and national outlook. It widened their horizons. 4. With the help of common language the regional feelings began to disappear. 5. This language acted as a link language between the people living in various parts of the country. In a country of divere languages and dialects we could touch the people’s heart by using English which was only understood by educated people in those days. 6. This common l anguage gave them linguistic unity and it became easy to make a programme of India character. Development of India Press amp; National Literature:Many newspapers were published in the later half of 19th century such as the Amrit Bazar Patrika, the Bengali, The Tribune, the Stateman, and the Times of India, the Pioneer. 1. The Nationalist Press criticized the unjust policies of the British Government and spread national feelings. 2. It played a vital role in making the people aware of their political rights and building patriotic feelings. 3. It made possible to exchange the views and organize political movements. 4. It made the people aware of what is happening in the world. This helped them to shape their own policies and programmes.Literature in Indian languages, too, played a vital part in rousing the feelings of patriotism in India. Writers such as Bankim Chandra Chatterjee, Rabindranath Tagore, Bharatendu Harishchandra, etc. Played an important role in promoting national consci ousness among the Indians and prepared them for the national struggle. Bankim Chandra’s famous book Anand Math, regarded as the Bible of modern patriotism, inspired young nationalists in India. (‘Bande Mataram’, the national song of India, was taken from this book. ) Transport and CommunicationThe need for economic exploitation, administrative convenience and military defence made the British to develop modern means of transportation. Work of roads was constructed, which linked one province to another. Besides encouraging trade and commerce, the introduction of railways, telephone, telegram and the buses proved to be a blessing in disguise. This however helped the Indians in creating nationalistic feelings. 1. It helped the Indians living in various parts of the country to communicate with each other, travel and exchange ideas, and plan a joint strategy. 2.Regional feelings began to disappear and made people feel like one helping in nationalism. This created a se nse of oneness and closeness. 3. It helped to build public opinion against the British on national basis. 4. Through the postal service people could share their views. 5. The transport and communication system knit the vast country and created a sense of oneness. 6. A uniform postage rate of half anna for inland letters and still cheaper rates for transmission of parcels and newspapers was introduced by Lord Dalhousie. Telegraph lines were laid connecting Kolkata with Peshawar, Mumbai and Chennai and other parts of the country.This brought abought a revolution in the sppedy transmission of messages and communications. It enabled the Indians to come in contact with one another and discuss the problems facing the country. Growth of Political associations: After 1858 many associations were started in different parts of India. These were forerunners of the Indian National Congress. 1. London Indian Society was formed in England in 1865 by Indian students under the leadership of Dadabhai Naoroji to voice Indian grievances and to oppose the misrepresentation of Indians in the English papers.Pherozeshah Mehta, Barrudin Tyabji, W. C. Bonnerjee and Manmohan Ghosh were important founder members. 2. East Indian Association founded in London in 1866 by Dadabhai Naoroji to enlighten Britishers and the Br Parliament about the true state of affairs in India. Dadabhai Naoroji believed that the British were basically just and fair but the British policy in India was unfair. The East India Co. Had branches in Mumbai, Calcutta and Madras. This association voiced the grievances of Indians and suggested remedial measures. 3.The Indian Association founded in 1876 by Surendranath Bannerjee. Its aims were; 1. To create public opinion. 2. To unite Indians for a common political cause . 3. To promote Hindu Muslim Unity. 4. To involve masses in public movements. The Indian Association protested against the repressive measures like the Arms Act, the Vernacular Press Act and the lowering of the age limit from 21 to 19 for the I. C. S Exam. It also took up the cause of the workers on the British – owned plantations. However the association failed to attain an all India character. . Indian National Conference est. In Calcutta in 1883 by Surendranath Bannerjee. It was a provincial Association, served as a model for Indian National Congress-merged with the Congress. Its aim was to work for the welfare of the Indians. 5. Formation of The Indian National Congress: Enlightened Indians like Dadabhai Naoroji, Surendranth Bannerjee, Pheroze Shah Mehta amp; others wanted to form an all-India political organization that would draw the government’s attention to the administrative drawbacks and suggest means to rectify them.A. O Hume, a retired British civil servant helped them . He wrote a letter to the Graduates of Calcutta University urging them to form an association that would work for the moral and material uplift of the people of India. In 1884 Hume and the I ndian leaders formed the Indian National Union. The First Session Representatives from different parts of India were to meet at Pune on Dec. 25, 1885 but plague broke out in Pune at that time. So the meeting of the Union was held in Gokuldas Tejpal Sanskrit College, Mumbai from Dec. 8 to 31st 1885 under the Presidentship of Women Chandra Bannerjee. It was attended by 72 delegates, including Dadabhai Naoroji, Pheroze Shah Mehta, Badruddin Tyabji, Subramania Iyer, and Justice Ranade. On Dadabhai Naoroji’s suggestion the name of the Union was changed to Indian National Congress. Thus the foundation of the Congress was laid on Dec. 28, 1885. The second session was held in Calcutta under the presidentship of Dadabhai Naoroji. The number of delegates increased every year. Some of the delegates were received as ‘distinguished visitors to the Capital’ by Lord Dufferin.Lord Dufferin the Viceroy supported the formation of the congress because because he wanted it to act as a ‘Safety Valve’ for popular discontent (He favoured the formation of the Congress because he thought that it would safeguard the British interest in India ) Aims of the Indian National Congress: 1. To promote friendly relations between nationalists workers from different parts of the country. 2. To develop feelings of national unity among all Indians irrespective of cast, creed or religion. 3. To draw up popular demands and present them to the Government. 4. To organise public opinion in the country. SPLIT IN THE CONGRESS 1907 Presided by Rs Bihari Ghosh ) Though Dadabhai Naoroji averted a split in the Congress at the Calcutta Session 19006 the differences between the 2 groups i. e. Moderates and Assertive Nationalists continued and rose up again at the Surat Session in 1907. 1. The Swadeshi movement cast its shadow on the growing differences between the Moderates and the Assertives. The Assertives wanted to extend the Swadeshi and boycott the rest of India and make i t a vehicle for a full-fledged political mass struggle leading to Swaraj. The Moderates however did not approve it for the whole of India and wanted it to be confined to Bengal only.Moreover, the Moderates did not want to extend open support to boycott which was in conflict with their policy of ‘petition and persuasion’. 2. There were differences between the two groups over the choice of Congress President. The Moderates proposed the name of Rash Bihari Ghosh and the Assertive wanted Lala Lajpat Rai. The split in the Congress was unfortunate because the Brit took advantage of the situation. They adopted the ‘Divide and Rule’ Policy appeasing the Moderates and Repressing the Assertive Nationalists. The Aggressive group was expelled from the Congress for the next 10 years.

We Rely on All the Four Ways of Knowing free essay sample

Logic facilitates us to understand more about what our belief’s mean, and shows how clearly we can express them. Throughout the period logicians have discovered two different types of reasoning; inductive and deductive reasoning. Inductive reasoning is the use of scientific principles to draw the most probable conclusion from evidence. Inductive reasoning usually derives from observations and generalisations are made about the unobserved. However, because it is based on observations, it can be biased to the person therefore it might not be concrete knowledge and it might be subjective. Deductive reasoning is the use of necessary inference to draw sure conclusions from premises. Since its premises determine the validity of the form, therefore the argument is dependent upon the validity of the form of the argument and the truth of the premise. Thus the only weakness of deductive reasoning is the truth-value of its premises. Mathematics, which is one of the major areas of knowledge, is a subject that seems to charm and alarm people in equal measure. We will write a custom essay sample on We Rely on All the Four Ways of Knowing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Mathematics in fact seems to give us more certainty than other areas of knowledge. And it said to be purely based on reasoning. Without reasoning, mathematics will not work. Is this true? When you reason formally, you begin with axioms. Mathematics is based on axioms. Axioms are based on assumption however the axioms of mathematics were considered to be self-evident truths, which offer a firm foundation for mathematics knowledge. There are four requirements for a set of axioms; they should be consistent, independent, simple and fruitful. Solving mathematical equations require logical thinking. Thus reason is an important aspect in math. Without reason, one will not be able to proof and explain the result to a particular mathematical equation however, when put into real life situation, reasoning will need to be evaluated due to other circumstances for example A mathematician will agree that the result of the equation above will always be two. Logically, when based on the axioms of math, 1+1 will never be equal to 4 or 5, thus making reason as a strong justification for math problems. However, one can argue that in real life situations, the two apples will not always be there. Imagine 100 years later, throughout time, the apples will rot away and therefore 1 + 1 will not always equal to two. When one uses reason as a justification for the present, reasoning may be seen as strength. However, when we attempt to evaluate the future and the aftermath of a situation, reasoning might not be one of the strongest ways of knowing, as shown from the example above. Therefore we could say that reasoning can be said as a misleading aspect when one ignores other circumstances, such as time. Although many say that math is based on reasoning, this is untrue, because math also utilizes axioms, therefore it is not strictly reasoning, but also on an assumption. Reasoning can also be applied to ethics. The ethical dilemma of abortion makes complete sense; when you don’t want something, you get rid of it. If you are against abortion; this means that you feel uncomfortable in taking other people’s lives. The reason behind this, might link to individual’s emotions. The emotions that speak to some, the guilt that one would feel when experiencing an abortion would prove it is unethical. Through the belief of against abortion, we assume that murder is wrong with no exceptions. However, to those who believe that abortion is ethical, one can reason that since the foetus is not developed yet, no soul will be abolished. Therefore abortion is ethical because women have the right to decide their own choices of maternity. For example, if we take the case of rape, and assume that the woman is impregnated. But the mother of the child is against abortion, and decided to give birth to this child. However, if we consider the fact that the mother of the child is incapable physically or economically to have a child, we can argue that reasoning may be a disadvantage; because it will not benefit both the mother and the child. However, the fact that the mother is unwilling to choose abortion might be caused by her emotion. There was a woman that I know and had this situation. She believes in premarital sex yet often practices it without safety. In this context, reasoning can be seen as a weakness because she reasons that due to the existence of abortion, it was acceptable for her to practice unsafe sex. At the end she was impregnated twice and chose to abort for both. Abortion was used weakly as a choice and therefore suggests that reasoning can lead to flawed decisions. Torture can also be applied to reasoning. For example, in the case of terrorism, is it ethical to torture one person in order to get information of the killing of the bombing of 1000 people? Some people might say it is ethical. Therefore these people will agree that there isn’t any problem in hurting one human being, and by torturing this person that we assume to be the terrorist, society can benefit it as this person would give the truth and will save 1000 people. However, there is a dilemma of the value of a soul. Although one is a terrorist, but who decides that one’s life is definitely less valuable than 1000 souls? When dealing with human’s lives, one cannot play God by making assumptions and decisions on which soul is to save, torture or ‘let go’. Moreover, one of the purposes of torture was to reveal the truth by putting the targeted person in pain. However, that will not always be the case. We do not know that the terrorist is saying the truth or whether he has immense belief in what he does rather than his life, therefore leading to give â€Å"false confessions†[1]. From this, we can clearly see that if we apply reason in torture, reason might not always works and it does not give us certainty. Art is exceedingly subjective and personal, even though emotions tend to play a bigger role in art as they communicate one’s reaction to his perceptions and this will create his own thoughts regarding this artwork within him. However, some might also say that reasoning can be used in the knowledge of art due to the abstractness of art, one can always see the relation of art. Another reason that reasoning can be applied to the knowledge of art is because it can be seen through the illusions in art. For example, in the picture of the young/old lady above, one instantaneously see a young lady, however, through reasoning one is able to see the young lady’s ear as old lady’s eyes and the young lady’s face as old lady’s nose. Thus one is able to see the old lady. However, the counter argument to this knowledge is that in comparison to emotion, reason may not be the strongest ways of knowing, in determining the knowledge of art. I heard this song called â€Å"never felt this way† by Bryan McKnight. And I was certain that it was a heartbreaking song. And since art is viewed from our personal perspective, and that art is subjective, therefore my beliefs became my knowledge. When I listened to this song again while reading the lyrics to find the meaning of this song, I realized that my belief is wrong, it was instead a love song; where the artist expressed how much this relationship means to him. This is evident to the lines such as: â€Å" darlin, Never felt so good. Never felt this way about lovin, it feels so good†. However, my emotions implied to me that it was a depressing song. I believed that the beat and the melody of this song had provoked me and came to such conclusion. Although my reasoning told me that this song was not sad, my emotions designated that it was so, and I was taken over by my emotions. Therefore, we can say that in determining the knowledge of art, reason is not the strongest way of knowing to use although reason gives some certainty but only within the reach of your own thoughts. And in this case, emotion is more reliable instead. In conclusion, although in one hand reasoning had its disadvantages, as reason can be taken over by other ways of knowing; such as emotion, and from the examples above, emotion can take over reason because usually in a situation there’s always a logical and emotional solution and usually the emotion wins, this is evident through my example on abortion. However, reason is one of the most certain because when we apply reason in a situation, we will be able to see a bigger picture of this situation, and this is evident through my examples from the illusion picture on art. Bibliography: Websites: †¢ http://samaralansari. blogspot. com/2006/11/samars-ib-tok-essay_15. html date accessed 11th November 2008 †¢ http://www. h4x3d. com/feat/themes/red-apple. jpg date accessed 11th November 2008 †¢ http://www. jokes123. com/picturejokes/picjokes6/bigimages/Lady_illusion. jpg date accessed 11th November 2008 †¢ http://www. azlyrics. com/lyrics/brianmcknight/neverfeltthisway. html date accessed 15th November 2008 †¢ http://andrewsullivan. theatlantic. com/the_daily_dish/2007/10/imaginationland. tml date accessed 22nd December 2008 Books: †¢ Theory of knowledge for the IB Diploma by Richard van de Lagemaat, first published in 2005 and reprinted in 2006; Cambridge †¢ Theory of knowledge by Nicholas Alchin, published in 2002, by John Murray; London Word Count: 1587 [1] Andrew Sullivan http://andrewsullivan. theatlantic. com/the_daily_dish/2007/10/imaginationland. html May 09 Theory of Knowledge essay 08 Fall Evaluate the streng ths and weaknesses of reason as a way of knowing + =

Celsius to Kelvin Temperature Conversion Example

Celsius to Kelvin Temperature Conversion Example Here is  an example problem  that explains how to convert a temperature from degrees on the Celsius scale to Kelvin. Its a useful conversion to know  because many formulas use Kelvin temperatures, but most thermometers report in Celsius. Celsius to Kelvin Formula To convert between the temperature scales, you need to know the formula. Celsius and Kelvin are based on the same size degree, just with different zero points, so this equation is simple: The formula to convert Celsius to Kelvin is: K  °C 273 or, if you want more significant figures: K  °C 273.15 Celsius to Kelvin Problem #1 Convert 27 ° C to Kelvin. Solution K  °C 273K 27 273K 300300 K Note that the answer is 300 K. Kelvin is not expressed in degrees. Why is this? A scale measured in degrees indicates it references another scale (i.e., Celsius has degrees because its actually based on the Kelvin scale). Kelvin is an absolute scale, with an endpoint that cant move (absolute zero). Degrees dont apply to this type of scale. Celsius to Kelvin Problem #2 Convert 77 ° C to Kelvin. Solution K  °C 273K 77 273K 350350 K More Temperature Conversion Calculators Convert Kelvin to CelsiusConvert Celsius to FahrenheitConvert Kelvin to Fahrenheit

How to prepare yourself for the examination Assignment

How to prepare yourself for the examination - Assignment Example 3-3:30 P.M. Be fresh Be fresh Be fresh Be fresh Be fresh Be fresh Be fresh 3:30 to 6:00 P.M. Human systems Human systems Human systems Human systems Human systems Human systems Human systems 6-8 P.M. Snacks/ Roam out Snacks/ Roam out Snacks/ Roam out Snacks/ Roam out Snacks/ Roam out Snacks/ Roam out Snacks/ Roam out 8-10 P.M. Physical science Physical science Physical science Physical science Physical science Physical science Physical science 10-11:30 P.M. Maths Maths Maths Maths Maths Maths Maths 11:30 -1 A.M. Dinner & others Dinner & others Dinner & others Dinner & others Dinner & others Dinner & others Dinner & others Rest of time Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Sleep Amount of time for revision You certainly need not to be worried about the revision. The time schedule in the above table itself will give you the excellent record. But, finish all your exercise within two months time. Using old papers That's really an excellent idea. It will give you clear picture of examination. But use these papers during your revision process. When you are revising all your exercises be ready with the old papers and find out where you are getting the difficulty to answer the question. If needed, go through those sections again and again carefully. Have a good look at all these papers and find out which sections are regularly asked. Emphasize those sections more during your revision phase. Checking time to answer the question This is of course a stupid question to answer, because it depends on various factors. Some of those may be your grasping power, ability to answer the question quickly and correctly, picking which question to answer first and the most important is your knowledge. If you know everything, I am quiet sure you will be answering all questions before time.... How to prepare yourself for the examination? Before you start the below discussed strategy make sure that you are concentrate enough to carry on your scheduled task properly, make excellent study environment in your room, try to stick with table and chair and have a table lamp (If you can manage) for good concentration to your studies. That's really an excellent idea. It will give you clear picture of examination. But use these papers during your revision process. When you are revising all your exercises be ready with the old papers and find out where you are getting the difficulty to answer the question. If needed, go through those sections again and again carefully. Have a good look at all these papers and find out which sections are regularly asked. Emphasize those sections more during your revision phase. This is of course a stupid question to answer, because it depends on various factors. Some of those may be your grasping power, ability to answer the question quickly and correctly, picking which question to answer first and the most important is your knowledge. If you know everything, I am quiet sure you will be answering all questions before time. So never be worried about this phase. But for your own satisfaction you must check it at least once. Just lock your room, be with a watch, got to chair and start answering the questions. Now the wisest point is in picking the paper. Answer those papers which you have not tried during you revision.